Of course wildfires are adding to smog and unhealthy air.
Do you know what study you need to know that? Seeing the smoke.
And wildfires are indeed ALSO increasing the global CO₂ emissions
AND reducing natures capacity to ABSORB CO₂.
"Now if they would study volcano's impact..."
WHAT "IF"? ARE YOU FUCKING KIDDING ME!?!
That you can still say something THIS IGNORANT, after so much discussion on this topic, that really baffles me.
Scientists are studying the effect of volcanoes DILIGENTLY.
A detailed atmospheric study of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption found that fine particles and sulfur dioxide, SO₂, increased significantly even 300 km away from the volcano.
They did not create global smog.
Smog is mostly related to the burning of fossil fuels. Don't you remember the news during Covid lockdowns? Cities like Delhi, Los Angeles, and Beijing reported clear skies for the first time in decades. This happened because traffic and industrial activity collapsed, not because of changes in natural emissions.
Volcanoes are about 1% of the global CO₂ emissions, see below.
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Now what is causing all those wildfires?
How about forests turning to a extremely dry tinderbox regularly?
Wildfires are indeed adding to the global CO₂ emissions. The frequency of wildfires is increasing, BECAUSE of climate change. Over the past two to three decades, CO₂ emissions from forest wildfires have surged dramatically. Global CO₂ emissions from forest fires have increased by 60% since 2001. Emissions from vast northern boreal forests (spanning Eurasia and North America) nearly tripled between 2001 and 2023, largely due to increasingly hot and dry conditions.
Based on the most recent global wildfire CO₂ datasets, the year with the largest global CO₂ emissions from wildfires in the satellite era (2003–2025) is 2003, with global emissions peaking at roughly 4.6 billion tonnes of CO₂. Human activity emitted about 27.64 billion tonnes of CO₂ in 2003 from fossil‑fuel combustion and industrial processes.
From 2003–2025, global wildfire CO₂ emissions averaged about 2.1–2.3 billion tonnes CO₂ per year, while human activity averaged about 34–36 billion tonnes CO₂ per year. Wildfires therefore contributed roughly 6–7% of annual anthropogenic emissions over this period.
The International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) is the primary global professional association for volcanologists. Under its umbrella operates WOVO (The World Organization of Volcano Observatories). WOVO links together all the localized volcano observatories on Earth (like the USGS, Italy's INGV, or Indonesia's PVMBG). They manage WOVOdat, a massive global database that compiles tracking data—such as seismic activity, gas emissions, and ground deformation from active volcanoes to help scientists spot patterns and forecast future eruptions.
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When looking at the graph, you will notice a massive spike in the number of recorded eruptions as you approach the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries. Volcanologists emphasize that this spike does NOT mean the Earth is experiencing more volcanic activity. Instead, it represents our dramatic improvement in OBSERVATION technology, including global satellite tracking, seismology networks, and global communication, which allows us to document smaller, remote eruptions that would have gone completely unnoticed in ancient history.
Volcanoes impact the climate by spewing sulfur dioxide into the upper atmosphere, which combines with water to form sulfate aerosols that reflect sunlight back into space. This causes short-term global COOLING (e.g., eruptions like Mount Pinatubo dropped global temperatures for a year or two). Volcanic eruptions spew out lava, carbon dioxide ( CO₂ ) ash and particles. The average volcanic CO₂ emissions are less than 1% of emissions from current human activities.
I have shown you the IPCC Assessment Reports before. It deals with volcano activity in multiple sections.
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They present their 'studies' of ALL the possible natural causes and ALL the possible human activity related with climate changes, as far back as there is evidence related to all of those causes. Of course, they don't have to assess the impact of human activity from periods that humans were basically living like animals. Human activity only became a factor at the earliest around 8000 years ago, when human populations started to clear forests for primitive agriculture. However, back then, the global human population was roughly 5–20 million people, we are now with about 8.30 billion people, and we have Energy production, Industry, Agriculture, Transportation and Land‑use change, which accumulate to about 90% of the global human emissions of greenhouse gasses. And that global effect of humans DWARFS ALL the natural effects on the climate. Only the sun and the orbit of Earth around the sun can have larger effects, but scientists can very accurately measure this, and they know 100% sure that this is NOT causing the current climate change.
Basically, the global average temperature of Earth is governed by a simple energy-balance equation: energy absorbed from the Sun vs. energy emitted back to space.
The energy that is produced by the sun is pretty damn stable in general. It is only changing over many millions to billions of years. Besides that, it has a cycle, which is has been studied for a very long time. It also has slight variations and outbursts, which are also studied and recorded in high accuracy. Then we have the orbit of Earth around the sun. Earth’s orbit has caused major climate changes in the past, including the pacing of the Ice Ages, through what scientists call Milankovitch cycles. These factors are one of the best‑measured and most accurately predictable components of the climate system. Scientists can both reconstruct them FAR into the past and predict them FAR into the future, with extraordinary precision because they are governed by celestial mechanics, the same physics that lets us predict eclipses centuries ahead. The last time that the orbit was significantly changed was 4.5 Billion years ago, when a Mars-sized protoplanet, commonly called Theia, collided with the young Earth, resulting in the formation of the Moon.
How much of the energy of the Sun, that has reached Earth, is absorbed by Earth vs emitted back into space is completely dependent on JUST TWO things:
1) Planetary albedo (how much sunlight is reflected)
2) Greenhouse effect (how difficult it is for infrared radiation to escape)
1) Earth's albedo is dependent on:
-1 Clouds (largest)
-2 Snow and ice
-3 Atmospheric aerosols
-4 Deserts and bright land surfaces
-5 Ocean reflection
-6 Vegetation
These are all factors that scientist have accurately measured. Human activity influences all major contributors to Earth’s albedo:
-1 Aerosol pollution can change cloud brightness, lifetime, and coverage.
-2 Human-driven warming reduces snow cover and melts glaciers and sea ice
-3 Human activity can affect ocean reflectivity indirectly through changes in sea ice, biological productivity, and surface conditions
-4 Industry, transportation, agriculture, biomass burning and deforestation by fire emit particles that can reflect sunlight directly and modify clouds indirectly.
-5 Deforestation, urbanization, agriculture, and desertification change surface reflectivity
-6 Deforestation, afforestation, agriculture, urbanization
2) The Greenhouse effect is dependent on:
-1 Water Vapor (H₂O)
-2 Carbon Dioxide (CO₂ )
-3 Methane (CH4)
-4 Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)
-5 Ozone (O3)
-6 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
There are well studied natural effects for all these factors, although several of them are affected by human activity:
-1 Water Vapor (H2O)
• Ocean evaporation
• Plant transpiration
• Volcanic eruptions
-2 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
• Respiration by plants and animals
• Decay of organic matter
• Volcanic eruptions
• Ocean-atmosphere exchange
• Wildfires
-3 Methane (CH4)
• Wetlands and swamps (microbial decomposition)
• Termites and wild ruminants
• Wildfires
• Permafrost thaw and methane hydrates
-4 Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
• Microbial activity in natural soils
• Ocean nitrogen cycles
• Wildfires
-5 Ozone (O3)
• Chemical reactions of sunlight with natural volatile organic compounds (from plants/trees)
• Chemical reactions of sunlight with natural nitrogen oxides (from lightning/soils)
• Stratospheric air downwelling
-6 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
• No significant natural effects
AND there are also well studied HUMAN ACTIVITY effects for ALL these factors, although several of them have interactions with natural processes:
-1 Water Vapor (H2O)
• Anthropogenic climate warming (the positive feedback loop: human greenhouse emissions warm the air, causing more ocean evaporation)
• Large-scale crop irrigation
• Fossil fuel combustion (minor direct byproduct)
-2 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
• Combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas for energy, heat, and transport)
• Deforestation and land-use changes (clearing forests for timber or urban development)
• Industrial processes (primarily cement manufacturing and chemical production)
• Agricultural and biomass burning
-3 Methane (CH4)
• Livestock farming (enteric fermentation from ruminants like cattle and sheep)
• Fossil fuel operations (leaks from natural gas extraction, coal mining, and oil refining)
• Rice cultivation (flooded paddies creating oxygen-depleted soil conditions)
• Municipal solid waste landfills and wastewater treatment
-4 Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
• Agricultural soil management (overapplication of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and animal manure)
• Chemical industry manufacturing (production of nitric and adipic acids for fertilizers and nylon)
• Commercial, industrial, and vehicular fuel combustion
• Domestic wastewater treatment
-5 Ozone (O3)
• Photochemical smog reactions (sunlight interacting with human-emitted pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds from vehicles, power plants, and industrial solvents)
-6 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
• Refrigeration and air conditioning systems (coolant leaks and disposal)
• Industrial aerosol propellants
• Foam blowing agents used in insulation manufacturing
• Specialized electronic and industrial solvent cleaning systems
ALL of these effects have been studied by an army of scientists, in public service and in the private sector, all over the world, for decades.
The reality of human-caused climate change is backed by one of the most rigorously tested and cross-verified consensus positions in modern scientific history, built by thousands of experts across 195 countries who have reviewed tens of thousands of peer-reviewed studies. Rather than relying on a single theory, this conclusion is proven by independent lines of evidence that completely converge. From ice cores archiving 800,000 years of ancient air, to modern networks of satellites, ocean buoys, and ground thermometers that all paint the exact same warming picture. Scientists have even tracked this down to the atomic level, showing that the specific carbon isotopes clogging our air match fossil fuels perfectly, while satellites measure a direct drop in escaping heat at the exact wavelengths of greenhouse gases. Because even decades-old internal research from private oil companies independently arrived at these same results, the reality we observe today is not a matter of debate, but a directly measured fact verified across the fields of physics, chemistry, and geology.
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